In which demographic group is it more likely to present acute coronary syndrome without chest pain?

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can manifest with atypical symptoms, and research indicates that certain demographic groups are more likely to experience these variations. In particular, females and older adults often present with symptoms that do not include the classic chest pain typically associated with ACS.

Women, especially, may exhibit symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, and back or jaw pain rather than the more traditional chest discomfort. This is partly due to differences in coronary artery disease presentation and the fact that women may experience heart issues differently than men.

Older adults also tend to present with atypical signs when experiencing ACS due to age-related changes in the heart and nervous system. They may have more vague or less intense symptoms, which can make diagnosis more challenging.

In summary, the likelihood of presenting with acute coronary syndrome without chest pain is indeed higher in females and older adults, making this demographic group particularly relevant in understanding atypical presentations of heart conditions.